A Prática Pedagógica do Atletismo na Educação Física Escolar

This study refers to the teaching of athletics in school, investigating the pedagogical practice in the critical proposals of physical education. The objective was to understand how athletics can be pedagogically developed pedagogically in physical education. It was characterized by a bibliographical study, based on the main critical propositions of the area of physical education, among them the critical overcoming, critical emancipatory and open classes. We conclude that it is possible to thematize athletics with alternative materials, making didactic pedagogical transformations and teaching the technique in the three critical proposals should be developed seeking the students’ learning surpassing the perfection of movements.Este estudio se refirió a la enseñanza del atletismo en la escuela, investigando la práctica pedagógica en las propuestas críticas de la educación física. El objetivo fue comprender cómo el atletismo puede ser desarrollado didáctico pedagógicamente en la educación física. Se caracterizó por un estudio bibliográfico, basado en las principales proposiciones críticas del área de la educación física, entre ellas la crítica superadora, crítica emancipatoria y clases abiertas. Concluimos que es posible tematizar el atletismo con materiales alternativos, haciendo transformaciones didácticas pedagógicas y la enseñanza de la técnica en las tres propuestas críticas debe ser desarrollado buscando el aprendizaje de los alumnos superando la perfección de movimientos.Este estudo referiu-se ao ensino do atletismo na escola, investigando a prática pedagógica nas propostas críticas da educação física. O objetivo foi compreender como o atletismo pode ser desenvolvido didático pedagogicamente na educação física. Caracterizou-se por um estudo bibliográfico, embasado nas principais proposições críticas da área da educação física, entre elas a crítico superadora, crítico emancipatória e aulas abertas. Concluiu-se que é possível tematizar o atletismo com materiais alternativos, fazendo transformações didáticas pedagógicas e o ensino da técnica nas três propostas críticas deve ser desenvolvido buscando a aprendizagem dos alunos superando a perfeição de movimentos

TOXINA BOTULÍNICA PARA TRATAMENTO DA SIALORREIA NOS PACIENTES COM DOENÇA DE PARKINSON

A sialorreia/ptialismo é um sintoma não motor frequente da doença  de Parkinson, que pode causar impacto na saúde e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O sintoma decorre da combinação da disfagia com disautonomia e, muitas vezes, também do efeito adverso de drogas frequentemente utilizadas no tratamento de sintomas da doença, como por exemplo, os antipsicóticos atípicos e os inibidores da acetilcolinesterase. Diversas opções terapêuticas são utilizadas na prática clínica para controle da sialorreia, dentre elas, drogas anticolinérgicasou antagonistas dos receptores adrenérgicos, injeção de toxina botulínica, cirurgia, radioterapia e terapias comportamentais e fonoaudiológicas. Este trabalho faz uma revisão das propostas terapêuticas até o presente momento para controlar a secreção de saliva dos pacientes com doença de Parkinson. A injeção de toxina botulínica nas glândulas salivares guiada por ultrassom é a opção com mais evidência de eficácia e segurança, de acordo com os últimos estudos.

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Invasive fungal infection by Aspergillus flavus in immunocompetent hosts: A case series and literature review

Invasive aspergillosis usually affects immunocompromised hosts with variable manifestations depending on the site of infection. In this article, we present two cases of invasive Aspergillosis in two non-immunocompromised patients; both cases had a paranasal sinuses infection, with intraorbital and intracranial extension, requiring surgery and antifungal treatment with Voriconazole. These cases were initially diagnosed as paranasal sinus neoplasms. However, the pathology and microbiology studies revealed invasive fungal infection by Aspergillus flavus Keywords: Aspergillosis, Invasive Aspergillosis, Immunocompetent host, Paranasal sinu